Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Review | Osaka to Tsuruga Travel

Hanaakari
Experience the “Hanaakari” sightseeing train from Osaka to Tsuruga — a refurbished KiHa 189 series offering luxury seating, local gourmet dining, and scenic coastal routes. Includes 2025 operation dates, timetable, ticket prices, seat map, booking tips, and a detailed ride review with photos.

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari — Trip Report

Travel Information toggle icon

Osaka → Tsuruga (Outbound)

Departure & Arrival Osaka Station (10:11) → Tsuruga Station (12:45)
Travel Time Approx. 2 hrs 34 min
Seat Superior Green (Car 1, Seat 9)
Fare ¥14,370

Tsuruga → Osaka (Return)

Departure & Arrival Tsuruga Station (13:34) → Osaka Station (16:55)
Travel Time Approx. 3 hrs 21 min
Seat Green (Car 2, Seat 5A)
Fare ¥7,110

Close
stationのアイコン
Osaka Station

Arrived at Osaka Station in Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture.
Today’s temperature is a sweltering 38°C — a true midsummer day.
The journey on the sightseeing train Hanaakari begins here.

trainのアイコン
Hanaakari Pulls In

About 20 minutes before departure, at 9:49 a.m., the Hanaakari rolled into Osaka Station.
The train is dressed in the finest hue of Montsukizome, a dyeing technique used during the Nara period (710–794).
The color isn’t brown, but a shade called Binrojizome.

seatのアイコン
Hanaakari Private Room

My seat was the highest-grade private room for two, called the “Superior Green Seat.”
This time, I had it all to myself.

mapのアイコン
Different Routes

The routes between Osaka and Tsuruga differ depending on the direction.
The outbound trip to Tsuruga takes the Kosei Line along the north side of Lake Biwa,
while the return to Osaka runs via the Hokuriku and Biwako Lines along the south side.
Because the stops change, the onboard hospitality also varies.

stationのアイコン
Departure from Osaka Station

Right on schedule, the train departed Osaka Station.
Onboard announcements provided the passing times for each station and details about the hospitality service.

flagのアイコン
Welcome Banner

At each station, onlookers waved with warm smiles.
At Ogoto Onsen Station, there was an especially warm welcome with a large banner on display.
Here, the reserved bento meals were handed over to the onboard staff.

drinkのアイコン
Bento Reservations Close 4 Days in Advance

Bento meals on board require a reservation at least four days in advance.
Since I hadn’t reserved one, I bought grilled mackerel jerky (¥600) and Shiga Biwako cider (¥350) from the salon space instead.

cookieのアイコン
Local Products Go on Sale

From Ōmi-Imazu Station, local product sales staff boarded to sell items such as cookies.
Tourism pamphlets were also distributed.

lakeのアイコン
Lake Biwa and Countryside Views

The roughly two-and-a-half-hour journey passed as I listened to sightseeing announcements while gazing at Lake Biwa and the surrounding countryside.

stationのアイコン
Arrival at Tsuruga Station

Upon arrival at Tsuruga Station, station staff waved flags to greet us, accompanied by a warm “Welcome to Tsuruga.”

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari — Quick Facts

Sightseeing train Hanaakari stopped at Tsuruga Station
  • Train Name: Sightseeing Train “Hanaakari”
  • Launch Date: October 5, 2024
  • Number of Cars: 3
  • Train Type: KiHa 189-series diesel multiple unit (all reserved Green Car seats)
  • Top Speed: 95 km/h
  • Capacity: 54 passengers

The Sightseeing Train “Hanaakari” is a premium sightseeing service operated by JR West, debuting in autumn 2024 after a major refurbishment of a 3-car KiHa 189-series set (formerly used for the “Hamakaze”). Its body color is *Binrojizome*, a dyeing technique with origins in the Nara period, accented with elegant gold floral patterns for a refined Japanese aesthetic. The design was created by Yasuyuki Kawanishi, who also worked on “WEST EXPRESS Ginga” and “Yakumo.”

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari — Interior Map

Interior map of the Sightseeing Train Hanaakari
Interior map of the Sightseeing Train Hanaakari
map artwork on corridor wall
map artwork on corridor wall
Interior map of the Sightseeing Train Hanaakari
photo by mitemil
Interior map of the Sightseeing Train Hanaakari
map artwork on corridor wall

▼ Official JR West Hanaakari introduction page: https://www.jr-odekake.net/railroad/hanaakari/introduction

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari — Inside the Train

Salon (Car 2)

Hanaakari salon space
Hanaakari salon space
salon seating bench
salon seating bench
salon cushions
salon cushions
salon blinds
salon blinds
Hanaakari salon space
photo by mitemil
Hanaakari salon space
salon seating bench
salon cushions
salon blinds

Multipurpose Room

Multipurpose room on the Hanaakari
Multipurpose room on the Hanaakari
Multipurpose room on the Hanaakari
photo by mitemil

Multipurpose Toilet

Multipurpose toilet on the Hanaakari
Multipurpose toilet on the Hanaakari
Multipurpose toilet on the Hanaakari
photo by mitemil

Toilets (Cars 2 & 3)

Unisex toilet on the Hanaakari
Unisex toilet on the Hanaakari
men's toilet on the Hanaakari
men's toilet on the Hanaakari
Unisex toilet on the Hanaakari
photo by mitemil
Unisex toilet on the Hanaakari
men's toilet on the Hanaakari

Washbasins (Cars 2 & 3)

Open-space washbasin on the Hanaakari
Open-space washbasin on the Hanaakari
corridor-side washbasin on the Hanaakari
corridor-side washbasin on the Hanaakari
Open-space washbasin on the Hanaakari
photo by mitemil
Open-space washbasin on the Hanaakari
corridor-side washbasin on the Hanaakari

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Onboard Sales Menu

Hanaakari sightseeing train drinks & food menu
Hanaakari sightseeing train drinks & food menu
Hanaakari original goods menu
Hanaakari original goods menu
Hanaakari summer goods menu
Hanaakari summer goods menu
Hanaakari special goods menu
Hanaakari special goods menu
Hanaakari sightseeing train drinks & food menu
photo by mitemil
Hanaakari sightseeing train drinks & food menu
Hanaakari original goods menu
Hanaakari summer goods menu
Hanaakari special goods menu
Original Goods toggle icon

Hanaakari Kishu Hinoki Wooden Coaster ¥1,750
Hanaakari Lunch Bag ¥1,300
Hanaakari Wakasa Lacquer Chopsticks (Red, Blue, Green, Black, Brown) ¥1,000 (Set of 5 colors: ¥4,500)
Hanaakari Room Key Holder ¥1,350
Hanaakari Recycled Pencil Set ¥650
Hanaakari A5 Ring Notebook ¥550
Hanaakari Clear File ¥350
Hanaakari Can Badge ¥350
Hanaakari Sticker ¥200
Hanaakari Tote Bag ¥100

Close
Food & Drinks toggle icon

※Available items may vary depending on the season

Item Description Price (tax included)
Bagged Soba Boro Cookies Simple and nostalgic flavor. Baked to bring out the aroma of buckwheat. ¥450
Shiga Biwako Cider (340ml) A refreshing cider made with gratitude to Lake Biwa. Light carbonation. ¥350
Otsu Momofuku Beans Six-Flavor Mix A mix of six flavors including black soybeans, Lake Biwa shrimp, and ume-shiso. Perfect as a tea snack or appetizer. ¥450
Organic Uji Tea (330ml) Organic green tea from Kyoto Prefecture, brewed with soft water for a gentle taste. ¥150
Small Ayu Fish in Oil Oil-preserved small ayu fish from Lake Biwa. Features the characteristic slight bitterness of ayu. ¥1,100
Biwano Mai Daiginjo Sake (180ml) A daiginjo sake made with carefully selected rice, water, and yeast from Shiga Prefecture. Refreshing aroma with a mild dry taste. ¥750
Omi Beef Demiglace Stew (Canned) Beef tendons stewed in rich demiglace sauce. Recommended for all generations. ¥1,700
Biwako Can Pudding Pudding made with eggs from Konan High School and Biwako milk. Cute packaging and gentle sweetness. ¥450
Amahagan Whisky Highball (350ml) Sweet vanilla and honey aroma with a salted caramel finish. Carbonation enhances the aroma. ¥450
Grilled Mackerel Jerky Made with domestic mackerel. Jerky prepared by grilling, drying, and roasting with a unique seasoning. ¥600
Nagahama IPA Special Can (Beer) (350ml) Craft beer from Lake Biwa. Floral and fruity aroma with bitterness. Label inspired by the Lake Biwa sunset. ¥550

Close

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Timetable & Duration

SpringOsaka Station – Kurashiki Station / Onomichi Station
SummerOsaka Station – Tsuruga Station
AutumnTsuruga Station – Kinosaki Onsen Station
WinterOsaka Station – Kinosaki Onsen Station / Hamasaka Station

Winter: January to March Osaka – Kinosaki Onsen / Hamasaka

Osaka Station → Hamasaka Station (Duration: 3 hours 33 minutes) toggle icon

Station Arrival Time Departure Time
Osaka 9:38
Sannomiya 9:56 9:57
Kobe 10:00 10:01
Akashi 10:13 10:14
Kakogawa 10:26 10:27
Himeji 10:38 10:44
Fukusaki 11:01 11:02
Teramae 11:13 11:14
Wadayama 11:48 11:51
Toyooka 12:16 12:18
Kinosaki Onsen 12:27 12:28
Takeno 12:36 12:37
Satsu 12:45 12:46
Kasumi 12:52 12:53
Hamasaka 13:11

Close
Hamasaka Station → Osaka Station (Duration: 3 hours 37 minutes) toggle icon

Station Arrival Time Departure Time
Hamasaka 15:14
Kasumi 15:32 15:33
Satsu 15:39 15:40
Takeno 15:47 15:48
Kinosaki Onsen 15:57 15:57
Toyooka 16:07 16:07
Wadayama 16:35 16:36
Teramae 17:13 17:14
Fukusaki 17:24 17:25
Himeji 17:41 17:45
Kakogawa 17:58 17:59
Akashi 18:14 18:15
Kobe 18:27 18:28
Sannomiya 18:31 18:32
Osaka 18:51

Close

Spring: April to June Osaka – Kurashiki / Onomichi

Osaka Station → Onomichi Station (Duration: 5 hours 25 minutes) toggle icon

Station Arrival Time Departure Time
Osaka 10:02
Sannomiya 10:26 10:27
Kobe 10:30 10:31
Himeji 11:22 11:34
Okayama 13:15 13:30
Kurashiki 13:46 14:17
Fukuyama 15:06 15:10
Onomichi 15:27

Close
Onomichi Station → Osaka Station (Duration: 5 hours 21 minutes) toggle icon

Station Arrival Time Departure Time
Onomichi 11:20
Fukuyama 11:37 12:17
Kurashiki 12:54 12:57
Okayama 13:15 13:31
Himeji 15:11 15:19
Kobe 16:12 16:13
Sannomiya 16:16 16:17
Osaka 16:41

Close

Summer: July to September Osaka – Tsuruga

Osaka Station → Tsuruga Station (Duration: 2 hours 34 minutes) toggle icon

Station Arrival Time Departure Time
Osaka 10:11
Shin-Osaka 10:15 10:17
Kyoto 10:56 10:58
Otsukyo 11:11 11:12
Hieizan Sakamoto 11:17 11:18
Ogoto Onsen 11:21 11:25
Omi Maiko 11:45 11:56
Omi Imazu 12:17 12:20
Tsuruga 12:45

Close
Tsuruga Station → Osaka Station (Duration: 3 hours 21 minutes) toggle icon

Station Arrival Time Departure Time
Tsuruga 13:34
Nagahama 14:05 14:24
Maibara 14:32 14:34
Hikone 14:40 14:52
Omihachiman 15:07 15:20
Kusatsu 15:33 15:47
Otsu 16:12 16:13
Kyoto 16:22 16:24
Shin-Osaka 16:48 16:50
Osaka 16:55

Close

Autumn: October to December Kinosaki Onsen – Tsuruga

Kinosaki Onsen Station → Tsuruga Station (Duration: 5 hours 13 minutes) toggle icon

Station Arrival Time Departure Time
Kinosaki Onsen 9:54
Yuhigaura Kitsu Onsen 10:41 10:42
Amanohashidate 11:20 11:32
Miyazu 11:38 11:41
Higashi-Maizuru 12:25 12:39
Wakasa-Takahama
Wakasa-Hongo 13:05 13:16
Obama 13:30 13:31
Kaminaka 13:42 13:43
Tomura 13:53 14:10
Mihama 14:20 14:48
Tsuruga 15:07

Close
Tsuruga Station → Kinosaki Onsen Station (Duration: 4 hours 59 minutes) toggle icon

Station Arrival Time Departure Time
Tsuruga 10:40
Mihama 10:59 11:13
Tomura
Kaminaka
Obama 11:44 11:58
Wakasa-Hongo
Wakasa-Takahama 12:21 12:35
Higashi-Maizuru 12:52 13:08
Miyazu 13:55 13:57
Amanohashidate 14:03 14:09
Yuhigaura Kitsu Onsen 14:44 14:45
Kinosaki Onsen 15:39

Close

The sightseeing train “Hanaakari” operates only one round trip per day.
The routes and departure/arrival times vary depending on the season.
Please be sure to check the latest schedule on the official website before boarding.

外部リンク

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Prices & Fares

Winter: January to March Osaka – Kinosaki Onsen / Hamasaka

Osaka - Kinosaki Onsen toggle icon

Car 1 Superior Green Single use: ¥15,610 (exclusive use by one person)
Double use: ¥10,610 per person (for 2 people)
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Box Seats (2 or 4 seats)
*4-seat box seats can be used by 3 or more people.
¥8,410 per person
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Reserved Seats ¥8,410 per person
*Price includes fare + limited express fee + Green Car fee

Close
Osaka - Hamasaka toggle icon

Car 1 Superior Green Single use: ¥19,270 (exclusive use by one person)
Double use: ¥12,880 per person (for 2 people)
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Box Seats (2 or 4 seats)
*4-seat box seats can be used by 3 or more people.
¥10,680 per person
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Reserved Seats ¥10,680 per person
*Price includes fare + limited express fee + Green Car fee

Close

Spring: April to June Osaka – Kurashiki / Onomichi

Osaka → Kurashiki toggle icon

Car 1 Superior Green Single use: ¥15,610 (exclusive use by one person)
Double use: ¥10,610 per person (for 2 people)
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Box Seats (2 or 4 seats)
*4-seat box seats can be used by 3 or more people.
¥8,410 per person
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Reserved Seats ¥8,410 per person
*Price includes fare + limited express fee + Green Car fee

Close
Osaka → Onomichi toggle icon

Car 1 Superior Green Single use: ¥19,710 (exclusive use by one person)
Double use: ¥13,320 per person (for 2 people)
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Box Seats (2 or 4 seats)
*4-seat box seats can be used by 3 or more people.
¥11,120 per person
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Reserved Seats ¥11,120 per person
*Price includes fare + limited express fee + Green Car fee

Close

Summer: July to September Osaka – Tsuruga

Osaka - Tsuruga toggle icon

Car 1 Superior Green Single use: ¥14,370 (exclusive use by one person)
Double use: ¥9,170 per person (for 2 people)
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Box Seats (2 or 4 seats)
*4-seat box seats can be used by 3 or more people.
¥6,970 per person
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Reserved Seats ¥7,110 per person
*Price includes fare + limited express fee + Green Car fee

Close
Osaka ~ Hikone / Nagahama toggle icon

Car 1 Superior Green Single use: ¥13,840 (exclusive use by one person)
Double use: ¥8,840 per person (for 2 people)
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Box Seats (2 or 4 seats)
*4-seat box seats can be used by 3 or more people.
¥6,640 per person
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Reserved Seats ¥6,640 per person
*Price includes fare + limited express fee + Green Car fee

Close

Autumn: October to December Tsuruga – Kinosaki Onsen

Tsuruga → Kinosaki Onsen toggle icon

Car 1 Superior Green Single use: ¥17,840 (exclusive use by one person)
Double use: ¥12,840 per person (for 2 people)
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Box Seats (2 or 4 seats)
*4-seat box seats can be used by 3 or more people.
¥10,640 per person
Cars 2 & 3 Green Car Reserved Seats ¥10,640 per person
*Price includes fare + limited express fee + Green Car fee

Close

Please check the official website for the latest schedules and prices.

外部リンク

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Reservation Methods

Online ReservationInternet booking via e5489
Travel agencies (Nippon Travel Agency, tabiwa Travel)
Membership registration is required for online booking.
Phone ReservationNot available
外部リンク

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Seat Types

Superior Green Seat

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Superior Green seat overall view
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Superior Green seat overall view
Hanaakari Superior Green seat
Hanaakari Superior Green seat
Hanaakari Superior Green seat window
Hanaakari Superior Green seat window
Hanaakari Superior Green seat floor
Hanaakari Superior Green seat floor
Takaokaya cushion placed on Hanaakari Superior Green seat
Takaokaya cushion placed on Hanaakari Superior Green seat
Hanaakari Superior Green seat flower vase
Hanaakari Superior Green seat flower vase
Hanaakari Superior Green seat lighting
Hanaakari Superior Green seat lighting
Hanaakari Superior Green seat power outlet and USB port
Hanaakari Superior Green seat power outlet and USB port
Artwork displayed in Hanaakari Superior Green seat
Artwork displayed in Hanaakari Superior Green seat
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Superior Green seat overall view
photo by mitemil
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Superior Green seat overall view
Hanaakari Superior Green seat
Hanaakari Superior Green seat window
Hanaakari Superior Green seat floor
Takaokaya cushion placed on Hanaakari Superior Green seat
Hanaakari Superior Green seat flower vase
Hanaakari Superior Green seat lighting
Hanaakari Superior Green seat power outlet and USB port
Artwork displayed in Hanaakari Superior Green seat

Box Green Seats (for 2 or 4 persons)

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari 4-person box seat
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari 4-person box seat
Hanaakari 2-person box seat
Hanaakari 2-person box seat
Hanaakari 2-person box seat (wheelchair accessible)
Hanaakari 2-person box seat (wheelchair accessible)
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari 4-person box seat
photo by mitemil
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari 4-person box seat
Hanaakari 2-person box seat
Hanaakari 2-person box seat (wheelchair accessible)

Green Seats

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Green seat overall
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Green seat overall
Hanaakari Green seat
Hanaakari Green seat
Hanaakari Green seat logo
Hanaakari Green seat logo
Hanaakari Green seat window
Hanaakari Green seat window
Hanaakari Green seat flower
Hanaakari Green seat flower
Hanaakari Green seat lighting
Hanaakari Green seat lighting
Hanaakari Green seat power outlet and USB charging port
Hanaakari Green seat power outlet and USB charging port
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Green seat overall
photo by mitemil
Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Green seat overall
Hanaakari Green seat
Hanaakari Green seat logo
Hanaakari Green seat window
Hanaakari Green seat flower
Hanaakari Green seat lighting
Hanaakari Green seat power outlet and USB charging port

Sightseeing Train Hanaakari Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1  Q1. What is the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A1 

‘Hanaakari’ is a new sightseeing train operated by JR West, featuring seasonal routes.
In spring, it runs between Tsuruga and Kinosaki Onsen; in summer, between Osaka and Tsuruga, offering special journeys limited to each season.
The train interior features a Japanese modern design, and meals use local ingredients from the regions along the route.

Close
Q2  What is the operating schedule of the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A2 

The train runs only one round trip per day.
Departure and arrival times vary by season and route, so please check the latest timetable on the official website or JR Odekake Net.

Close
Q3  How can I make a reservation for the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? Can I board on the same day? toggle icon
A3 

Reservations for ‘Hanaakari’ can be made via the official Kintetsu online booking service, ticket machines, or station counters.
You can also easily book via smartphone.
If there are available seats, same-day boarding is possible, but popular departure times often sell out, so advance reservation is recommended.

**Especially for the Superior Green seats, securing a seat without reservation is often difficult.**

Close
Q4  How much does the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari' cost? Is a limited express ticket required? toggle icon
A4 

Prices vary depending on the travel section and seat type.
There are several classes, including Green Car and Superior Green.

– Seat fees:
Superior Green Seat: ¥5,000 (single use), ¥10,000 (per person)
Box or Green Seat: ¥2,800

– Example: Osaka to Tsuruga
Superior Green Seat: Seat fee (¥10,000) + fare (¥2,310) + limited express fee (¥2,060) = ¥14,370
Box or Green Seat: Seat fee (¥2,800) + fare (¥2,310) + limited express fee (¥2,060) = ¥7,170

*Please check the latest fares on the official Kintetsu Limited Express Hinotori website.*
Official Kintetsu Hinotori site

Close
Q5  Does the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari' have Wi-Fi and power outlets at every seat? toggle icon
A5 

Yes, it does.
Every seat is equipped with a power outlet, and free Wi-Fi is available throughout the train.
You can comfortably charge smartphones or use laptops.

There are two types of Wi-Fi on ‘Hanaakari’:
– JR_WEST_TRAIN_Wi-Fi: for web browsing
– hanaakari: for viewing onboard camera footage at the front and rear cars

Close
Q6  Can children or wheelchair users board the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A6 

Participation is limited to adults (junior high school age and older).
*Children under elementary school age, including infants accompanied by adults, cannot participate.*

Close
Q7  Are meals or bento boxes served on the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A7 

Some services offer meal plans by reservation only.
These feature creative dishes using local ingredients and Japanese-style bento boxes full of regional flavors.
Advance booking is required, so please confirm at the time of purchase.

▼ Make a meal (bento) reservation here
tabiwa Travel

Close
Q8  Are seats on the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari' free seating or reserved? toggle icon
A8 

All seats on ‘Hanaakari’ are reserved. There are no free seating areas.
A limited express ticket with seat reservation is required to board.

Close
Q9  Can I get off midway on the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A9 

Yes, you can get off at intermediate stops.
Since ‘Hanaakari’ is a train dedicated to sightseeing routes, it is basically intended to be traveled end to end, but getting off at any of the stops is allowed.

Close
Q10  What are the recommended points for each season on the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A10 

From autumn to spring, the route is between Kinosaki Onsen and Tsuruga, while in summer it runs along Lake Biwa on the Osaka to Tsuruga route.
The biggest attraction is enjoying the seasonal changes through the train windows.

Close
Q11  Where can I check the availability of seats on the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A11 

You can check real-time availability on the e5489 official website or at JR station counters.
Especially on weekends, holidays, and long holidays, it’s recommended to check early.

▼ e5489 official site
https://e5489.jr-odekake.net/e5489/cspc/CBTopMenuPC

Close
Q12  Is there luggage space on the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A12 

Cars 2 and 3 (Box seats and Green seats) have dedicated overhead luggage racks, and there is enough space under the seats for suitcases.
Car 1 (Superior Green seats) has no overhead racks but offers sufficient space under the seat and desk area for luggage such as suitcases.

Close
Q13  Is there onboard sales on the sightseeing train 'Hanaakari'? toggle icon
A13 

Yes, there is.
Three attendants board the train and offer onboard sales of local specialty products, drinks, snacks, and ‘Hanaakari’ original goods.
Sales mainly take place in the salon space of Car 2.

Close
* The information posted is based on the publication date: 2025年8月16日.
* This site provides information only and does not guarantee accuracy, completeness, or timeliness. Use at your own risk.
* Contents, plans, and prices may change. Always check the official site for the latest details.
* This site does not substitute for professional medical, legal, or other advice. Consult experts when necessary.
* External links are included, but this site is not responsible for the content or privacy policies of linked sites.
* All content on this site is protected by copyright. Unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or copying is prohibited.
* The site reserves the right to update disclaimers without notice. The latest disclaimers take effect upon publication.
* The site is not responsible for any damages incurred by using its content.
* Technical issues or interruptions may occur, but the site is not liable for any resulting damages.
* This site respects all religions and beliefs and does not intend to discriminate against any.

^

Page Top